<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mos</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Современные востоковедческие исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern Oriental Studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2782-1935</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2686-9675-4-2023-74-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mos-85</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Правовой статус языка в Китае.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The legal status of the language in China.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5090-3011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емельченкова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelchenkova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Емельченкова Елена Николаевна - к.ф.н., доцент, завкафедрой; Кафедра теории и методики преподавания языков и культур Азии и Африки</p><p>199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская наб., д.11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena N. Emelchenkova - PhD (Candidate of Philology), Associate Professor, Head of the Department; Department of theory and methods of studying languages and cultures of Asia and Africa</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">emelchenkovae@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Емельченкова Е.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Емельченкова Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Emelchenkova E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mos.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/85">https://mos.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/85</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируется статус китайского языка, в частности его наддиалектного варианта путунхуа, законодательно закрепленного в качестве государственного (официального) языка КНР. С опорой на различные подходы к концепции официального языка в ходе исторического развития Китая, показана логика руководства страны в вопросе выстраивания языковой политики и регулирования роли языка как этноконсолидирующего фактора в многонациональном государства. На материале действующих нормативных правовых актов рассматриваются сферы обязательного употребления путунхуа, дается оценка современной языковой политике Китая в части определения статуса государственного языка и письменности в полиэтническом государстве, показано, что проводимая властями активная кампания по распространению путунхуа неизбежно приведет к сокращению числа говорящих на других языках и диалектах на территории страны.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the status of the Chinese language, in particular its supra-dialectal version of Putonghua, legally positioned as the state (official) language of the PRC. Based on various approaches to the concept of the official language during the historical development of China, the logic of the country's leadership in building language policy and regulating the role of language as an ethno-consolidating factor in a multinational state is shown. Based on the actual legislation, the areas of compulsory use of Putonghua are considered, an assessment is made of China’s modern language policy in terms of determining the status of the state language and writing in a multi-ethnic state, it is shown that the active campaign carried out by the authorities to spread Putonghua will inevitably lead to a reduction in the number ofspeakers of other languages and dialects through out the country.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>КНР</kwd><kwd>китайский язык</kwd><kwd>путунхуа</kwd><kwd>диалекты</kwd><kwd>государственный язык КНР</kwd><kwd>правовой статус языка</kwd><kwd>языковая ситуация</kwd><kwd>языковая политика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>China</kwd><kwd>Chinese language</kwd><kwd>Mandarin， Putonghua</kwd><kwd>dialects</kwd><kwd>official language of the PRC</kwd><kwd>legal status of the language</kwd><kwd>language situation</kwd><kwd>language policy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Воробьев М.В. Культура чжурчженей и государства Цзинь (X в. – 1234 г.). Москва: Наука, 1983.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vorobyov M.V. Culture of the Jurchens and the Jin state (X cent-1234). Moscow: Nauka, 1983. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сафронов М.В. Китайский язык и китайская письменность. Москва: Восток-запад, 2007.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Safronov M.V. Chinese language and Chinese writing. Moscow: Vostok-Zapad, 2007. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Астрахан Е.Б. и др. Диалекты и национальный язык в Китае. Москва: Наука, 1985.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astrakhan E.B. at al. Dialects and national language in China. Moscow: Nauka, 1985. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Language Atlas of China. Hong Kong: Longman Group – Far East, 1987.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Language Atlas of China. Hong Kong: Long man Group – Far East, 1987.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юань Цзяхуа. Диалекты китайского языка. Москва: Наука, ГРВЛ, 1965.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yuan Jiahua. Dialects of the Chinese language. Moscow: Nauka, GRVL, 1965. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Завьялова О.И. Диалекты китайского языка. Москва: Научная книга, 1996.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zavyalova O.I. Dialects of the Chinese language. Moscow: Nauchnaya kniga, 1996. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клиновский В.А. Правовой статус языка в конституции и законах современного Китая // Вестник Бурятского государственного университета. 2012, № 2. С. 196-199.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klinovsky V. A. Legal status of the language in the constitution and laws of modern China // Bulletin of the Buryat State University. 2012, no. 2. pp. 196-199. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Каплунова М.Я. Языковая политика и функциональное развитие языков в КНР. Дисс. … канд. филол. наук. Ин-т языкознания РАН, Москва, 2017. https://iling-ran.ru/theses/kaplunova_full.pdf (Access date: 10/07/2021) (In Russ.)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaplunova M.Ya. Language policy and functional development of languages in the PRC. Diss. ...cand. Philol. Sci. Institute of Linguis tics RAS, Moscow, 2017. https://iling-ran.ru/theses/kaplunova_full.pdf (Access date: 10/07/2021) (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru"></mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en"></mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
