This paper contains an overview of the specific concept of two subjects in a sentence, over the last decades this concept of the Chinese syntax has become widely spread. This idea has been proposed in order to explain the relationship between two noun groups at the very beginning of a sentence in the preposition to the verb and comes from one of the special constructions in the Chinese language — S-P predicate. “Subject-predicate predicate sentence” is barely known to a wide audience outside of China. As a sentence pattern of modern Chinese this type of sentence has already been generally accepted by Chinese linguists. Using the most important work of Chinese researchers at the base this paper shows how the linguistic discussion has shifted from using a criterion of semantic relations between a noun and a verb to the idea of priority of the positional criterion when analyzing the structure of syntax units. The logical and semantic approach to sentence initially borrowed into Chinese linguistics from the grammar of western languages in the mid-XX century was replaced by a specific concept of organization of syntactic units in a sentence as “Two subjects sentence” and this may complicate the acquisition of Chinese as L2.

The prose genre for children is one of the youngest in modern Chinese literature. Its origins go back to the corpus of instructive Confucian stories gushi (故事). The relevance of the article lies in the identification of the structural and grammatical specifics of instructive stories as examples of prose intended for the socialization of preschool and primary school children in modern China. The source of the study was a collection of instructive stories for children "365 New Bedtime Stories" in Chinese. The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of the composition and grammatical means used in the works of this genre. Using the method of content analysis, we analyzed 150 fairy tales, determined the structural and grammatical features of the works of the Chinese children's literature genre. 

The article presents an analysis of the means of expressing a request in Chinese. The study is based on such a scientific method as the analysis of the discourse of the language material obtained on the basis of an online survey. In the first part of the article, the author considers the issue of the relationship between politeness and a request in the framework of communication withal identifies other factors that determine the specifics of speech behavior in a situation of a request in Chinese language. Then, author makes an analysis of the speech acts and means of expressing the request proposed by the respondents, during the analysis considering each communicative situation separately. The author concludes about the direct influence on the linguistic behavior of speech operators of the communication script (the arrangement of social power and roles, the degree of formality of relations, the content of the request and etc.). As well as finds out the straight connection between the concept of a face in Chinese culture and the use of certain lexical, grammatical means to achieve a mitigative effect and maintain the positive image of both the addressee and the addressee himself.

This article uses the method of corpus linguistic analysis to study the frequency and distribution of various message verbs in three types of news messages in China in modern Russian media, as well as to determine the semantic components and semantic models of highfrequency message verbs. in news reports. In the course of the analysis, identifying differences in their semantic characteristics of verbs, combining the functions of prediction in the text, the ways in which the media form and disseminate their opinion at the lexical level are analyzed.

The subject of this article is a further research of Khalvatiyya brotherhood’s activities. The Khalvatiyya maternal brotherhood had more than 40 branches in Ottoman Empire. The branches’ leaders established numerous monasteries of the brotherhood. The author provides and information about the activities of famous sheikhes of Jamaliyya -Khalvatiyya brotherhood, who were the leaders of Kodja Mustapha Pasha monastery in Istanbul. At the same time, the role of the leaders of Kodji Mustapha Pasha monastery in political and social life of Ottoman Empire was described in article.

This article is dedicated to some features of the history of Sufism in Azerbaijan. The article describes the history of tasawwuf’s spread of in Azerbaijan, the main schools and movements, as well as their impact on the socio-political life of Azerbaijan. The author pays special attention to the changes that took place in the evolution of Sufism in Azerbaijan in the XVIII-XIX centuries asthe main medieval Azerbaijani brotherhoods Halvatiyya and Safaviyya ceased to operate on the territory of historical Azerbaijan. The fact of why the Naqshbandiyya brotherhood begins to play a key role in the life of Muslims of Azerbaijan in the XIX century is considered. The article also provides information about the Sufis who functioned during the Soviet era, about their relationship with the state and society. After the collapse of the USSR, in the atmosphere of independence and intensifying of religious life, the tasawwuf is reviving with renewed vigor. The descendants and followers of the Naqshbandiyya-Khalidiyya conduct their activitieson the territory of Azerbaijan, specifically, in the form of local ojaks (holy places), headed by functioning sheikhs. In addition, the activities of the dervishes-rousekhanes, as well as the pilgrimage to the burial places of the graves of the Sufi elders (feasts), are of great importance for the spiritual life of the Muslims of Azerbaijan. Additionally, to the above, in 1990-2000s, the ideas of Sufi sheikhs from Turkey and Russia, in particular, North Caucasian Dagestan Sufism, began to spread among the population of Azerbaijan.

The article presents materials on the Beijing Temple of Dong Yue Miao (Lord of the Eastern Peak), whose history spans over 700 years. Particular attention is paid to deities from the Guangxidian chamber and ritual practices associated with prayers for the sending of children. The study of the chamber of childbearers, the main figures of which are the Primordial Lady and the Primordial Lord, helps to restore the ritual practices associated with the birth of a child, many of which have survived to this day. The cult of these child-givers was one of the most popular in Qing China.

The award system of the state is an important essential characteristic of the state, being, on the one hand, one of the symbols of the country, on the other hand, an incentive system, part of the institution of public administration. The study of a system of military awards is of great practical importance, it allows us to consider the genesis of the military mechanism and draw a conclusion about the maturity of military institutions of a country. The topic of the military awards of the PRC, as well as the entire award system of the country, has not often attracted the attention of both Russian and even Chinese scholars. Only in recent years, already under Xi Jingping, with the formation of a unified system of state awards, the topic of military orders and medals appeared in public discourse in China. Drawing on new sources and literature, considering the development of the award system as a prototype of the future award system of the PLA, we can understand and study the patterns on which the reform and modernization of the Chinese army is based today. The identification of shortcomings and errors in the creation of the military award system of the Chinese Red Army will make it possible to understand the difficulties that stand in the way of establishing a modern state system of awards of the PLA, among which one of the main ones is a certain inertia in the lack of due respect for orders and medals in the Chinese society.

In this article, the author considers the modern political and ideological trend of the fifth generation of Chinese leaders led by Xi Jinping (2012/2013 — to the present), which reanimating the leading role of Marxism, provided that it is modernized and sinicization. The study was based on a system analysis of the most important strategic speeches of the Chinese leader at the most important political events. The ultimate goal in the person of eliminating capitalism and achieving communism remains the unchanged goal of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) when adjusting the course for a fairly long preservation of the political economic model of socially oriented state-monopoly capitalism («socialism with Chinese characteristics) for the period of industrial and post-industrial modernization of the economy and society China, which goes from the «export model» to the «internal consumption» and «external expansion» model. This requires not only the conservation of an ideological superstructure, but also its relevant and constructive development.

More than 40 years of «policies of reforms and openness» brought the country economic modernization, victory over poverty and geostrategic power, but also socio-political and socioeconomic problems of creeping the restoration of capitalism, Bourgeois transforming the party, Bourgeois transforming society and a possible reaction towards open imperialism under nationalist slogans. This trend is displayed in sociological research and fears of the country's top leadership.

Summing up the study of the new stage of the great historical experiment, according to the combination of the Soviet political regime with the modern mixed economy, only one thing can be confidently stated-how successfully it will be or not will show only socio-historical practice: the future of the socio-political and socioeconomic system of China.

Nowadays there is a high demand for sustainable business practices. This also applies to the seaports’ infrastructure, which carries multiple environmental risks for the environment and economic risks for local communities. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the development of corporate social responsibility (CSR) of Chinese seaport operators. The article uses research made by authors from Edinburgh Napier University, publications of the journal "Cooperativism and Development" and other materials in the field of sustainable development and CSR, which examine in detail the negative impact of port activities on the environment and evaluates the CSR model of Chinese seaport operators. The main sources for the study are reports of Chinese operators of seaports and Chinese regulatory framework. The article compares practices of large Chinese seaport operators, identifies their features and relevance to the Chinese and global trends in CSR development. The article concludes that the CSR system of Chinese seaport operators is at the stage of active formation. However, it lags behind the best practices of some developed countries at the regulatory level. At the same time, Chinese seaport operators are actively developing environmental and social aspects of their activities, which is mainly due to the national policy to reduce carbon emissions, combat poverty, and also due to needs of improving the efficiency of ports and strengthening the positive image of Chinese companies in the international arena.

The COVID-19 pandemic has given an even greater impetus to the development of domestic tourism in China. Residents of China lost the opportunity to leave the country, began to visit the sights inside China even more actively. All this stimulated development of the tourism industry and so-called “old towns” began to actively appear in China - settlements that completely copy the historical appearance of Chinese cities, but do not have real historical value. The most striking example of such a town is the city of Gubei not far from Beijing. In Russia because of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, as well as sanctions in recent years, there has also been an increase in demand for domestic tourism. The purpose of this article is to identify the features of the model of the city of Gubei and the possibility of their adaptation in the framework of the development of Russian domestic tourism. Based on the analysis of official documents, scientific articles, statistical data and interview results, the article analyzes the features of the possibility of borrowing the experience of the city of Gubei for the development of Russian domestic tourism. The article provides a comparative analysis of the Russian project of the village of Mandrogi and the city of Gubei in order to identify the possibility for adapting the Chinese experience and successfully copying some elements of the Gubei city model, which can stimulate the development of regional tourism in small towns and villages in Russia. During the research authors came to the conclusion that in Russia it is possible to use Chinese strategies, but only if real historical objects are restored, and not based on the construction of pseudo-historical complexes.

The shadow economy has spread to all countries of the world, and China is no exception. Corruption, shadow banking, smuggling and the production of counterfeit products are especially widespread in China. The PRC government is taking severe measures to prevent shadow economic activity, and this policy of the authorities has significant results, but the institutional framework is not perfect enough and requires close attention of the legislature. The purpose of the article is to identify and substantiate the key areas of the PRC's struggle against the shadow economy. The scientific novelty lies in determining the approaches of the Chinese authorities to controlling the shadow economy, as well as the author's substantiation of the directions for improving the institutional framework in order to prevent informal economic activity.